Causes of hypertension and signs of development of the disease

Hypertension is a disease that is accompanied by a pronounced increase in blood pressure. Arterial hypertension destroys blood vessels, they become narrow and damaged in a short period of time. The vessels cannot withstand the strong blood flow and rupture, causing hemorrhage. An increase in pressure can be observed in patients of any gender, and the causes of the pathology can be very different. Among the main causes are genetic factors, consumption of large amounts of alcohol, pregnancy and age changes.

Factors provoking the development of the disease

Experts claim that any deviation from the norm is individual for each patient. Taking into account this factor, in a patient diagnosed with hypertension, the causes and symptoms are different and not always sufficiently pronounced. For each patient with this pathology, a specific treatment is selected and it is impossible to use templates.

What can cause hypertension in a person and what signs of the disease should be paid attention to? The following risk factors have been identified that can provoke the development of the pathology:

1. Extra pounds on the human body often cause arterial hypertension. This is due to the fact that blood supply to adipose tissue is a rather complex process. Even gaining just a few extra pounds leads to increased stress on the blood supply system and can cause disturbances in the work of the heart and the arterial bed.

2. Constant stay indoors and the lack of fresh air with the necessary oxygen content can have a negative impact on human health. Vasodilatation allows to compensate for the hypoxic mixture of the lungs, and prolonged stay in poorly ventilated rooms causes the appearance of symptoms of arterial hypertension.
3. Another provoking factor under the influence of which juvenile hypertension can occur is the growth of testosterone in the body. The result of this is the appearance of signs of the disease and the gradual development of hypertension.
4. Frequent stressful situations and emotional stress can cause an increase in blood pressure. In the chronic nature of their course, all organs are in a constant state of tone, and the result is wear and tear of the vessels and a decrease in their elasticity.
5. Various injuries and damage to the brain can provoke the appearance of hypertension. They cause a narrowing of the canal lumen and the body must actively fight the resulting hypotension.

In fact, high blood pressure is detected not only with already occurring atherosclerotic changes in the blood vessels. The development of hypertension is possible with an increased concentration of cholesterol in the human body, which creates certain difficulties with the movement of blood. The fact is that cholesterol plaques are an atherosclerotic process.

Etiology and causes of the disease

In order to prescribe effective treatment, it is important to identify all possible causes of hypertension. It is necessary to establish factors that can subsequently provoke an increase in pressure. The causes of hypertension are quite diverse and continue to be studied by doctors today.

The causes of pulmonary hypertension in patients of any gender and age lie in the narrowing of the diameter of the small vessels. Gradually, the vascular walls begin to feel the pressure of the blood and the consequence of this is the development of hypertension. The etiology of the development of such a disease has not yet been fully studied by specialists. Many experts claim that the causes of hypertension are disorders in the functioning of the circulatory system.

The causes of hypertension in most cases cannot be established, as there can be quite a few of them. At the same time, we can identify the most common causes of pathology that cause the development of the disease:

1. Congenital hypertension.Many diseases are hereditary and hypertension is no exception. In about half of patients, the cause of hypertension lies in heredity. If your parents have arterial hypertension, the risk of developing it doubles.

2. Bad nutrition.The pathogenesis of the development of vascular diseases can be improper nutrition. Salty foods can cause high blood pressure and cause illness. It will take some time for the kidneys to remove the excess sodium from the body, and until that happens, the excess salt will retain water. The result of this is the appearance of edema and an increase in the volume of circulating blood in hypertensive patients.
3. Smoking.Tobacco contains nicotine, which increases heart rate and blood pressure. Chronic smoking poses a danger to the smoker and everyone around him.
4. Alcohol abuse.Drinking large amounts of alcohol and morning hangovers have a negative impact on health and blood pressure. Statistics show that people under the influence of alcohol often suffer various injuries. Alcohol abuse, starting at an early age, often causes hypertension and many pathologies of the heart and vascular system.
5. Many are sufferingmeteorological dependence, that is, they are particularly sensitive to changes in time. Even healthy people who move little and stay indoors for long periods of time can be weather-dependent. Meteocrises in patients with hypertension develop mainly in unusual climatic conditions.

In the case of arterial hypertension, one of the causes is the lack of physical activity, that is, low physical activity. At the same time, active sports can have negative consequences for the body. Patients with excess weight, pathologies of the heart and vascular system will have to refuse increased physical stress on the body.

Hypertension occurs in 1/3 of the adult population and is mostly an independent disease. In all other situations with arterial hypertension, the causes lie in the progression of human pathologies of other organs and systems, for example, the lungs or kidneys.

In medical practice, there is such a thing as secondary hypertension. The main causes of such hypertension are the following:

• renal hypertension develops when the arteries that supply the kidneys are blocked;
• tumors of the adrenal glands appear, which cause the production of an increased amount of hormones;
• obesity and metabolic syndrome.

When a person develops hypertension, it is accompanied by the development of certain symptoms. It is important to seek the advice of a specialist as soon as the first signs of the disease appear, which will allow timely treatment to begin.

At what age can hypertension develop and the first signs?

Hypertension can begin to develop at an early age, but is most often found in patients after the age of 40. In its development, hypertension goes through several stages, and each of them is accompanied by the appearance of certain symptoms. In the initial stage of the development of the disease, pressure indicators rise to 140-159 mm Hg. In addition, signs of hypertension may appear as follows:

• headache localized in the temples and back of the head;
• impaired ability to work, combined with a constant desire to sleep and reduced appetite;
• the appearance of spots in the eyes and especially with a sudden change in the position of the body;
• problems with attention and memory;
• shortness of breath with little physical exertion;
• change in facial skin color.

The first signs of hypertension most often appear quite weakly and disappear after a while. However, it is imperative to seek professional advice, as hypertension can be successfully treated early in its development.

With the development of arterial hypertension, symptoms of the disease such as nausea, frequent dizziness, bleeding from the nasal cavity and numbness of the fingers may appear. When hypertension passes into the final stage of its development, complications such as stroke, heart attack, arrhythmia and cardiac dysfunction may occur.

Features of the development of the disease in men

The development of hypertension in women is less pronounced than in men. This pathological condition is much easier to tolerate than them and does not cause serious health problems. With the development of hypertension in men, the skin of the face becomes bright red already at the initial stage of development of the pathology.

Why is hypertension diagnosed more often in men than in women? The fact is that women are protected from the development of such a pathology by female sex hormones and regular menstrual bleeding. In addition, women are much more careful about their health than men.

In arterial hypertension, the etiology in men is obesity, bad habits, a sedentary lifestyle and stress at work. High blood pressure is considered a serious burden on the male body and causes dangerous complications. The stronger sex often develops problems such as angina pectoris, heart attack, stroke and kidney pathologies.

Arterial hypertension is a serious danger at any age for both women and men. When the first signs of illness appear, you should seek medical help, which will help avoid the development of many complications. In order to successfully treat hypertension, the symptoms and causes of the pathology must be identified as early as possible and its elimination must begin immediately.